The new Brazilian Competition Law entered into force in May 2012, and, among the several changes introduced by the new law, the most significant is the adoption of a pre-merger review system. By adopting a pre-merger review system, Brazil aligned itself with jurisdictions in the United States and Europe. This article considers the impact and timing of the review system, and it also provides an overview of the other changes; in particular, those concerning administrative proceedings related to anticompetitive conducts.